When it comes to pet health, many owners focus on vaccinations, nutrition, and exercise—but dental care is just as crucial. Periodontal disease is one of the most common health issues in dogs and cats, affecting over 80% of pets by the age of three. Left untreated, dental disease can lead to serious health complications beyond bad breath. In this blog, we’ll explore the hidden dangers of pet dental disease and why regular checkups are essential for your pet’s overall well-being.
Understanding Pet Dental Disease
Dental disease in pets begins when plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—accumulates on the teeth. If not removed through regular brushing or professional cleanings, plaque hardens into tartar, leading to gum inflammation (gingivitis). Over time, untreated gingivitis progresses into periodontal disease, a severe condition that causes gum recession, tooth loss, and deep infections.
Signs of Dental Disease in Pets
Many pets suffer in silence when it comes to dental pain, so it’s important to recognize the subtle warning signs, including:
- Bad breath (persistent and foul-smelling)
- Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
- Yellow or brown tartar buildup on teeth
- Difficulty eating or reluctance to chew on toys
- Drooling excessively
- Pawing at the mouth
- Loose or missing teeth
- Swelling around the face (indicating infection)
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s time for a veterinary dental exam. Early intervention can prevent the disease from worsening and causing systemic health problems.
The Systemic Risks of Dental Disease
Dental disease doesn’t just affect the mouth—it can have serious consequences for a pet’s entire body. Here’s how untreated dental disease can impact overall health:
1. Heart Disease
Bacteria from infected gums can enter the bloodstream and travel to the heart, leading to conditions like endocarditis (inflammation of the heart’s inner lining). Studies suggest a strong link between periodontal disease and heart problems in both dogs and cats.
2. Kidney and Liver Damage
Once oral bacteria enter the bloodstream, they can also reach the kidneys and liver, causing infections and inflammation. These vital organs filter toxins from the body, and chronic infections can contribute to long-term organ dysfunction.
3. Chronic Pain and Decreased Quality of Life
Dental disease is painful, even if pets don’t outwardly show discomfort. Chronic pain can lead to reduced appetite, weight loss, and behavioral changes, such as irritability or decreased playfulness.
4. Risk of Jaw Fractures (Especially in Small Dogs)
Severe periodontal disease can weaken the bones of the jaw, making fractures more likely—especially in small breeds like Chihuahuas and Yorkies. These fractures are painful and difficult to treat, making prevention through dental care even more critical.

Photo by Julie Balgavy Photography
The Importance of Regular Veterinary Dental Checkups
Routine veterinary exams are the best way to prevent and detect dental disease before it becomes severe. A professional dental cleaning under anesthesia allows veterinarians to:
- Remove tartar and plaque buildup above and below the gumline
- Examine teeth and gums for signs of disease or infection
- Extract severely damaged or infected teeth
- Take dental X-rays to assess hidden problems below the surface
Annual dental checkups help maintain oral health and prevent complications that could shorten your pet’s lifespan.
How to Keep Your Pet’s Teeth Healthy at Home
In addition to regular vet visits, daily home care plays a huge role in preventing dental disease. Here are some tips:
- Brush Your Pet’s Teeth: Use a pet-specific toothbrush and toothpaste (never human toothpaste, as it contains toxic ingredients like xylitol). Start slowly and make it a positive experience.
- Provide Dental Chews and Toys: Specially designed dental chews can help reduce plaque and tartar buildup.
- Use Dental Water Additives or Gels: These products help control bacteria and freshen breath between brushings.
- Feed a Dental Diet: Some prescription and over-the-counter pet foods are formulated to promote dental health.
Final Thoughts
Dental disease is a silent threat that affects far too many pets, but it is preventable with proper care. Regular veterinary checkups and a solid at-home dental routine can protect your pet from pain, infections, and life-threatening complications. If your pet hasn’t had a dental exam recently, schedule an appointment with Family Friends Veterinary Hospital today—because a healthy mouth leads to a healthier, happier life!